Design and Implementation of a web based Library”

a database is a collection of information that is organized so that it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated. In one view, databases can be classified according to types of content: bibliographic, full-text, numeric, and images. In computing, databases are sometimes classified according to their organizational approach. The most prevalent approach is the relational database, a tabular database in which data is defined so that it can be reorganized and accessed in a number of different ways. A distributed database is one that can be dispersed or replicated among different points in a network. An object-oriented programming database is one that is congruent with the data defined in object classes and subclasses. Computer databases typically contain aggregations of data records or files, such as sales transactions, product catalog and inventories, and customer profiles. The system which provides such a facility is called Database Management System or DBMS. The simplest form to store a data for later retrieval is using a text file. This kind of storage is called flat file storage or unstructured storage. In this case, the text editor uses the File and Directory services provided by the Operating System to accomplish the task of storing and retrieving data but these unstructured flat files are not suitable for large data such as storing stock details. Since the stock data is large in volume and added and updated frequently it is not scaled up well if we use a simple flat file. To overcome this we need some system which should perform the storing,
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retrieving, manipulating and querying operations on the data and give output. This kind of system is called Database Management System. So a DBMS is a system which organizes and stores data in a structural way for fast retrieval. A DBMS uses one or more files to store the given data. Since the DBMS is meant mainly for developers every DBMS has it is own language to write the commands. The languages are standardized under the name SQL (Structured Query Language). Which is represents “A language used to insert, retrieve, modify, and delete data in a relational database. SQL also contains statements for defining and administering the objects in a database. SQL is the language supported by most relational databases and is the subject of standards published by the International Standards Organization (ISO) and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). SQL Server 2000 uses a version of the SQL language called Transact-SQL.” DBMS should represent the data stored by them in some form and it is most common to represent them as Column, Row, Tables, and Databases. SQL has to know what are columns, rows, tables, and database.