There is no one "definitive" way to choose a research topic and to get it accepted. In fact,
there are probably as many ways as there are departments in a university. Some
departments require a proposal, others don't. Some departments require a detailed proposal,
others are satisfied with a general preliminary outline. Some departments require students to
present their proposals at a research seminar, others circulate proposals among staff and
often a student will have an interview with a potential supervisor. Despite this variety of
procedures, there are still some general issues that all students should consider before they
start their research, even if they don't have to write a proposal at all.