Reader Questions for S.E. Smith

Holly F.
My question is related to one of her series. Will we be getting any more books in the Project Gliese 581g series?
Susan Smith
Holly F. Hi Holly. Yes, I have two more books to write in the Project Gliese series. I plan on writing Julia's story this year.
Holly F.
Susan Smith Thank you for the update. I’ll be waiting patiently.
Susan Smith
Holly F. The Gliese series was one of those surprised series that I think will take a lot of readers by surprise. It is more grounded, more along the lines of the Mandalorian style, but still has the romance. I'm excited to see Julia and Mai's stories. This series I have to say came from my hubby and his love for the stars. He was the inspiration for Julia's dad.
Bobby O.
Please when will we get Jane Doe story. I keep checking but no update. I feel I am still in the military….hurry up and wait…lol.
Susan Smith
Admin
Bobby O. There will be an announcement coming soon. Expect it VERY soon!
Bobby O.
Susan Smith really! Now you have me excited.
Susan Smith
Admin
Bobby O. I always get nervous about releasing a story, especially one Jarmen's because I wanted his story for so long. I hope you enjoy it as much as I am. xoxo
Bobby Owens-Mossop
Susan Smith I am sure it will be fantastic. I just seem to gobble up your books.
Susan Smith
Admin
Bobby O. You also need to blame the characters for talking so much. LOL.
Bobby O.
Susan Smith
Jayne W.
Susan what is the next book due out? I could ask about the next in only human, lords of kassis, second chance etc but it doesn't matter because I love all your books and will wait (patiently) as it is worth the wait. Thank you. Xx
Susan Smith
Admin
Jayne Williams Katie and the Warrior King comes out February 28th. I fell in love with Katie's story! This story was one of those that I was so excited about that I wrote it at the same time I was working on Midnight. I wanted the story that badly.
Jayne Williams
Susan Smith I've pre ordered it. I'm sure it will be as good as the others x
Susan Smith
Admin
Jayne W. I hope you enjoy it. Katie made me laugh.
Angela M.
Will all the different worlds from each story series interconnect one days a few series do?
Susan Smith
Admin
Angela M. Almost all of them will connect in one way or another. Just our solar system is connected with millions of others, so will my stories. It makes for a much larger universe/world! Some stories/series may be on a different timeline, but that makes it even more rich and full.
Vicki K.
How do you keep track of all the different stories and people?
Susan Smith
Admin
Vicki K. For the first five years, I kept it in my head. It is weird, but I can remember specific scenes or conversations. As the worlds grew, Christel Goedecke began creating Story Bibles for each series. I now have a story bible for each series and use that. My goal is to polish the Story Bibles and publish them. They have all the details, and will include character descriptions, favorite/notable scenes, maps of the worlds, timelines, and more.
Vicki K.
Susan Smith love that idea!
Darlene B.
When is Jane does story coming out?
Susan Smith
Admin
Darlene B. LOL. You are going to get me in trouble, but... the end of next month!
Darlene B.
Susan Smith oh so good looking forward to it
Elly L.C.
What's your favorite color?
Susan Smith
Admin
Elly L.C. It is a tossup between black and green. I wear a LOT of black and have to force myself to buy clothes in different colors. My house (inside and out) are a blend of greens. Thank goodness, Steve loves that color as well. Did I mention he has green eyes? LOL.
Kelly P.
Susan are you going to share any more pictures of your Appalachian trip? Did your husband take any pictures of the "green comet"?
Susan Smith
Admin
Kelly P. Steve was trying to get pictures of it. I'm not sure he was successful. I do know he is working on photographing galaxies at the moment. I have literally thousands of photos of the trail. I didn't want to overwhelm everyone with photos, but we will also be going back this summer for more hiking.
Kelly P.
Susan Smith yay!!! I'll live vicariously through you on the trip. You are amazing on soooo many levels!
Lupe G.
I love all of her series but the question I would ask is, When will the continuance of the Zion warriors books be published? I have reread “Gracie’s Touch” sooo many times, I love that character!!!
Susan Smith
Admin
Lupe G. This year! Rorrak's will be out before the end of this year. I'm determined. I want to lose myself in my existing worlds and have been re-reading many of them including: Gracie, the first three books in the Alliance so far, The Dragon's Treasure, and I just finished Touching Rune. LOL.
Lupe G.
Susan Smith
Michelle N.
if you could do anything you really wanted to do what would it be
Susan Smith
Admin
Michelle N. Paint/draw. I've always loved art but I'm not that good at it. I wish I had a natural talent for it. Instead, I try to paint with words.
Mechyel J.
Susan will see any more of the dragons of vialdier
Susan Smith
Admin
Mechyel J. Yes, Aikaterina's full length story will be coming out this year. There are a LOT more stories to come... including each Dragonling getting their stories.
Mechyel J.
Susan Smith
Rosalie M.
What is your favorite space to write in…And do you plot your books or let characters determine plot.
Susan Smith
Admin
Rosalie M. I tend to write on the move. I'll write for a bit at my desk, then move to the couch, then to the swing outside, or even just sit in the car! It is I need to be moving (or when my legs start to fall asleep). I'm a complete pantser! I NEVER know what is going to happen until the characters share it with me. The cool things about that is they take me by surprise which means it takes everyone else by surprise. Just when I think I know what is going to happen, they throw a twist which makes me want more!
Janna L.
Will you be writing more Dragonling adventures? In one of their stories it sounded Abby was pregnant. Any more baby dragons coming our way?
Susan Smith
Admin
Janna L. I haven't ruled out more dragonlings. They will have more stories, plus each will get their 'grown up' story. I have to write them because I want to know what happens to each of them!
Elizabeth B.
When's the next book?
Susan Smith
Admin
Elizabeth B. February 28th! Katie and the Warrior King: Girls from the Street Book 4 (which happens to be one of my favorites) is coming out!
MJ Broxton
Are more books coming out in the Dragon Lords of Valdier universe?
Susan Smith
Admin
MJ B. Loads more to come including Aikaterina's story this year!
MJ B.
Susan Smith
Tammy Z.
Will there be any more from the Zion Warriors books... thank your
Susan Smith
Admin
Tammy Z. Yes, Rorrak's will be out this year.
Tammy Z.
Susan Smith thank you
Jane F.
What was the most difficult story to write?
Susan Smith
Admin
Jane F. I think Jarmen's is turning out to be the most difficult because there are so many different subplots, situations, and world-building to his story. He was in many different stories and timelines and weaving them along with understanding quantum physics has been mind-blowing!
Elaine K.
When will I see bahadurs story please
Susan Smith
Admin
Elaine K. I need to write one more book in that series before I write his. Arrow's story will be next, the Bahadur's.
Angela H.F.
Anything in the works for dragons/dragonlings or Cosmos’ Galaxy?
Susan Smith
Admin
Angela H. F. Yes on the Dragon Lords and yes on Cosmos' Gateway as I want to write Rav's story.
Deborah N.
When is Jag's Target due out?
Susan Smith
Admin
Deborah N. This year. I've been re-reading the Alliance series to lose myself back in it. I love how the girls knocked him out and Taylor let him have it.
Deborah N.
Susan Smith I love visiting and revisiting the Alliance world. Your characterization and storyline is wonderful.
Shannon B.
How did Abby come about?
Susan Smith
Admin
Shannon B. Abby's character as a glass artist came from my love of watching the glass-blowers when I was a child. I always wanted to learn how to do that! Once I knew she was an artist, I knew her character was special. Abby was the third book I wrote. I remember thinking of her character and then the idea of a living gold creature who could change shape ( the molten glass) formed. That, combined wiht my love for dragons grew into Abby's story. Once I started writing, the characters pretty much said, 'Listen, this is how it is.' Who was I to argue with them? LOL.
Carol K.
How old were you when dragons started visiting you ?
Susan Smith
Admin
Carol K. probably when Puff the Magic Dragon came out. I wanted to make him feel better.
Carol K.
I loved that song
Susan Smith
Admin
Carol K. I STILL cry whenever I hear it! It is just Wildfire and One Tin Soldier! I memorized the words to those songs because they had such a powerful impact on me.
Kathy S.
What gave her the inspiration to write?
Susan Smith
Admin
Kathy S. My hubby, depression, and a sense of rebellion. Not necessarily in that order. It was during the 2008 crash. I had been laid off from my position at the school board (and then rehired, but it had a devastating effect on me). I was reading a ton of books after work to lose myself but frustrated with the stories because most of the women were too stupid to live or the guys were just jerks. I also craved romance mixed with action/adventure/humor. Steve finally told me I needed a hobby. He was thinking of the treadmill he bought me for my birthday... I wasn't! Instead, I wrote Lily's Cowboys, then Tink, Abby, and River. It took awhile for me to publish them becasue I didn't think anyone would be interested in the stories. I knew I loved them, so I kept writing. My sister finally convinced me that I should try to publish and the rest is pretty much history. Three months later, I told Steve what I was doing. LOL.
Kathy S.
Susan Smith you are by FAR my favorite author. All your books make me feel I am there. Can’t even tell you which are my favorite series. They all rock!
Susan Smith
Admin
Kathy S. Thank you, Kathy Stanley! You don't know how much your words give me inspiration to keep writing!
Linda M.
When is Jarmon’s story coming out?
Susan Smith
Admin
Linda M. Mmmmm, maybe next month. LOL.
Irene T.
What is your favorite song?
Susan Smith
Admin
Irene T. https://youtu.be/UprwkbzUX6g You Look Wonderful Tonight.
YOUTUBE.COM
Eric Clapton - Wonderful Tonight [Official Live]
Eric Clapton - Wonderful Tonight [Official Live]
Brenda E.
When is the conclusion to Gracies Touch storyline? looking forward to reading more about the female cyborg.
Susan Smith
Admin
Brenda E. There is a whole epic battle brewing in Gracie's world. I was writng Krac's when the characters showed me a glimpse. I literally fell back in my seat with my mouth hanging open. They patted me on the shoulder and told me everything would be alright. I could do this... they would share it with me.
Mae Nowalk
My selfish question. Can you please write and release books faster? I hate the wait.
Non selfish question. Any new releases planned for Gracie's Touch series?
Susan Smith
Admin
Mae N. Hi Mae. I'm really trying. I've struggled with my mental and physical health for the last few years. I've literally been suffering from fatigue. I'm slowly getting back on track, taking better care of myself physically. I told Steve last year when we hit the trail that I was doing it because I would be dead in a year if I didn't. I was in that bad a shape. I'm now on high-blood pressure meds which are helping a little, exercising, and eating healthier. It doesn't help that I HATE exercising and love to eat! To answer your second question, yes, I'm planning on releasing book 3 this year.
Mae N.
I really appreciate the books you release and really do wait for them. But your health is more important than any book. That is why I listed it as selfish on my part. I understand the Rollercoaster of life and health. The last 2 years for me have been stressful for due to unexpected deaths (my husband and father) and health issue, I truly understand. Hugs and prayers for better health.
Susan Smith
Admin
Mae N. You do know, which helps. I'm so sorry for your loss. I don't know what I would do if anything happened to Steve. He has been my rock... literally when we were on the trail and I felt I couldn't go on. I still miss my dad terribly. My heart goes out to you. xoxo
Marissa H.
How do you corral all the plot lines (squirrels) to make these worlds? My adhd brain is constantly amazed at authors that can create logical and linear plots and worlds.
Susan Smith
Admin
Marissa H. I swear if the docs ever took a picture of my brain it would look a knotted mess! For me, it is I'm connected to the worlds with all the threads weaving in and out of each other, sometimes looping around or tied in a knot that I'm unravelling. It was driving Christel Goedecke batty and she finally helped me get organized! I don't know what I would have done without her and her story bibles!
Mary D.
Will you be writing more for Lords of Kassis, The Alliance, or Project Gliese 581g ??
Susan Smith
Admin
Mary Duncan Yes, yes, and Yes! LOL. Jarmen's will release next month, Jag's is coming shortly, and Honor Bound is on my list for the Gliese series.
Mary D.
Susan Smith SUPER!!
Maria O. B.
Where do you get your ideas for your stories?
Susan Smith
Admin
Maria O. B. They come from all over. Sometimes a dream, sometimes a song, a place, or a name. I love making up stories to help me sleep. It helps calm my mind. It is funny because I will start, stop, rewrite, and start again until I fall asleep.
Susie H.
What would happen if the Dragonlings met Walter?
Susan Smith
Admin
Susie H. a lot of mischief! Walter would probably recruit them, especially Amber and Jade!
Milena D.
When will your next book be available for us to read? I enjoy escaping to the worlds that you create.
Susan Smith
Admin
Milena D. February 28th is Katie and Raja's story. I absolutely LOVED writing their story! It has lots of action, adventure, love, and humor in it.
Milena D.
Susan Smith looking forward to reading it
Debi W.
Do you see your characters clearly in your mind before you put it down in writing?
Susan Smith
Admin
Debi W. Sometimes. Other times, it is a slow reveal. They will definitely let me know if I have the wrong image or name for them! Gracie did that in her story. I had originally given her another name and I could see her shaking her head at me and say 'Uh, No, that is NOT my name!' Then, as clear as a bell, I heard George Burns saying Goodnight, Gracie in my head and I knew! When I find the characters for my covers (most of them), I always look at their eyes. It is their eyes that tell me who they are and if they are the right model/image for the cover. Gracie's eyes/ face on her cover were a perfect match.
Debi W.
Susan Smith that is so cool! What a gift
Debi W.
Susan Smith thank you for giving me amazing adventures
Susan Smith
Admin
Debi W. I'm glad you love going on them with me!
Jane D.
This might be a trade secret but how do you prepare to write? To be creative? I am big fan and read allll your books. I got interested in Science fiction when I was a child. I love your stories and the worlds you take us to.
Susan Smith
Admin
Jane D. I love helping other writers or would-be writers. I can be tough on them, but that is the mom/teacher in me. The first thing I share is that this isn't 'my/your' story, but the characters. We are simply the medium that helps tell it. They know what is going to happen, where it will happen, and how it will progress. We simply need to accept that and go with them. Then, I immerse myself in their world, writing as if I am there. I write 'interactively'. By this, I make sure I experience everything through all my senses and emotions and let it pour out so that if they hurt, I hurt; if they cry, I cry; if they laugh, I laugh. I don't 'tell' their story, but show it. There is a HUGE difference. A story told doesn't pull you into it on an emotional level. You can put it down. One that immerses you in it, shows you it, makes you feel it, connects you to the characters and you can't put it down until it ends and then it leaves you craving more because you feel a sense of loss. When I can write a scene about a tiny paper bird (Little Knight from The Dragon's Treasure; or Gracie standing on the edge of the cliff) and cry no matter how many times I've read it, then I know I've made that connection with the characters/story and more than ly the readers will as well. I hope this makes sense!

Top fan

Melissa W.
What is the most recent book you have read and did you enjoy the book
Susan Smith
Melissa W. This may sound vain, but I've been re-reading my own stories... and falling in love with them all over again! I've finished The Dragon's Treasure, the first three books in the Alliance series, Gracie's Touch, and just finished Touching Rune today.
Chloe D.
Do you have a favourite book or character that you have written?
Susan Smith
Chloe D. I think Gracie's Touch (her strength), Lily's Cowboys (because it was my first book that I ever wrote), and the whole Seven Kingdoms series because I love the world-building in it.
Cecilia Knezović
What is your favorite holiday?
Susan Smith
Cecilia K. Christmas... Halloween... no, Christmas. LOL. I'm torn. I love listening to all the Christmas music, but I love the costumes of Halloween and all the cool stories that come to me which is why I wrote the Dragonlings' Halloween stories. They are two of my favorites!
Heather R D.
When will there be more of Jane Doe and all the books in that universe?
Susan Smith
Heather R D. Jane Doe is in final polishing! Expect her this coming month!
Crystal S.
I love all the books and am having trouble picking just one question... Probably, how many hours a week do you write and what do you do to relax?
Susan Smith
Crystal S. Being an author is more than just writing on the story (unfortunately!). I work 7 days a week, unusually anywhere from 6-10 hours a day. Writing varies anywhere from a couple of hours to the most I've done is 17 hours straight! Yes, I wrote through the night without sleeping on more than one occasion, usually because it was the only time I wasn't interrupted. Doing that wipes me out though.
Amanda M.
Who’s book is next? I’m doing a reread and need more I need Jarmen’s Jane Doe and Jag’s Target
Susan Smith
Amanda M. Katie and the Warrior King then Jarmen's Jane Doe.
Top fan
Tiffany W.
What is your favorite book coming out soon
Susan Smith
Tiffany W. My next one until the one after. LOL. Katie and Raja's story is totally awesome, but Jarmen's is too!
Donna C.
Will you be continuing the series more than human (Ella and the beast)
Susan Smith
Donna C. Yes. I have a whole series of stories to write for this series. I'm sorry it has taken me so long to get back to it! It is on my list.
Top fan
Patty Ward Concannon
Where did the inspiration of the Project Gliese 581G books come from?
Susan Smith
Patty W. C. LOL. I can tell you that moment! It was at a Star Party in Fort Davis, Texas up on top of a mountain at the McDonald Observatory and the biggest, brightest meteorite I've ever seen flashed overhead! We were talking about exoplanets and we had been at the Lowell Observator in Flagstaff and I put the three together and Project Gliese blossomed. Julia's dad is modelled after my hubby and his astro-photos.
Christine E.
How do you keep track of all your characters?
Susan Smith
Christine E. Mostly in my head, but I'll admit now that I have so many I need some help! Christel G. has helped me by creating a story bible for each story. It has been a life saver!
Donna P.
Would you do a series with the dragonlings all grown up?
.Susan Smith
Donna P. Definitely! I have plans for writing all the dragonlings grown up stories.
.Top fan
Jolanda L.
Will there be a new book in the Alliance series?
Susan Smith
Jolanda L. Yes, Jag's Target will be out this year!
.Melinda W.
What was your favorite book you wrote?
Susan Smith
Melinda M.W. It is hard to say just one. Each has a special place in my heart. I think Gracie is one of my all time favorites, though.
Donna J.
Will there be more “more than human” books soon?
Susan Smith
Donna J. Yes, I have Mitchell's Untamed Mate on my list.
Lisa E.
who are your favorite authors?
Susan Smith
Lisa E. From my childhood it would be Walter Farley (The Black Stallion), Frances Hodgson Burnett (The Secret Garden), and The Forgotten Door/Escape to Witch Mountain (Alexander Key), plus Jules Vern. As a grown up, I love Clive Clusser and Dean Koontz.
Sherry Sweitzer
When is the next book in the zion series releasing?
Susan Smith
Sherry S. This year. I don't have an exact date yet, but it is in the works!
Top fan
Juanita J.
Which of your characters is your favorite?
Susan Smith I would have to say Gracie Jones from Gracie's Touch. I think I relate to her the best with her fierce determination.
Julie W.
Do you have a collection of ideas that percolate or does one character persistently bug you until you write their story down?
Susan Smith
Julie W. The bugging happens frequently which leads to the squirrels which leads to everyone (including me) getting frustrated because I end up writing a new series or off to a book I didn't plan to write. I realized fighting it was just exhausting me and causing me to lose the joy of writing. I made a promise to myself that when/if writing wasn't fun anymore, that I would quit. I'm doing everything in my power to keep it fun. That has been a hard lesson because for it to remain fun, I need to take care of myself mentally and physically. This is why I've slowed down so much. I exhausted myself and neglected my physically/mental health after 10 years of working 7 days a week, sometimes going days (yes, DAYS) without sleeping or sleeping very little. This is why we took off this past year for the AT even though I was in poor physical health. Getting away from the computer was the only way I could finally focus on me and let the characters go. That doesn't mean they weren't talking on the trail. LOL. I've NEVER heard so much gripping and complaining... wait, that may have been me.
.Top fan
Sylvia L. S.
Are you having a good new year?
Susan Smith
Sylvia L. S. Thank you for asking this question! This year is so much better than I've had in the past four years. It started to change after we got on the AT. I did a lot of crying, whining, and had a few meltdowns, but I also got stronger, fell deeper in love with my hubby, and gave my body and brain a much needed break. I'm still working on it, but I've learned to be kinder to myself and try not to put as much pressure on me. It wasn't helping. I just needed to learn that!
.Sharon M.
Are there going to be any more books in the Sarafin Warriors series??
.Susan Smith
Sharon M. Yes. I want to write Arrow's story and Bahadur's for sure!
.Dawn C.
Are we going to see a more dragon books
.Susan Smith
Dawn C. Yes, but more Dragonlings. They will each get their 'grown up' stories.
.Madonna M.
Who is your favorite re-read? You are one of mine
.Susan Smith
Madonna M. From my childhood, I re-read The Black Stallion and The Secret Garden every year. I think because my dad read those to me and it makes me feel closer to him. As an adult, I love Peggy L. Henderson's time travel books.
Author
SE Smith
Madonna M. There is just something very comforting about reading those books! I get lost in the magic of them.
Madonna M.
Susan Smith thank you for sharing your re- reads. Black Beauty and Robin Hood were my younger go to books.
Sheena L.
When is Jane Doe coming out?
Susan Smith
Sheena L. LOL. Next month!
Jamie .
Have you ever listened to audio books if so whose voice does the story justice?
Susan Smith
Jamie C. I've discovered a love for audiobooks. I don't have one specific favorite narrator as much as I just love a great one who pulls me into the story. I will tell you that the narrators I've chosen have all given me goosebumps before I chose them when they auditioned.
SE Smith
Jamie C. I don't know about you, but I'll also catch something I may have missed when I was reading or had forgotten. It is watching a movie with close-captioning on. LOL. I'm discovering how much I've missed in movies over the years!
Top fan
Dawn M.
When are you coming back to NY so we can hike together?
Susan Smith
Dawn M. ASAP! I miss being in the woods. I need the peace and rejuvenating powers to help me write!
Trisha T.
Will there be anymore books in the Zion Warriors series?
Susan Smith
Trisha T. Yes, coming out this year... I'm staying focused on my existing series. No new ones until I finish at least one book in each one!
Trisha Turner
Susan Smith yay! I can't wait!
Nicole D.
When is Rorrak’s Revenge releasing????
Susan Smith
Nicole D. I don't have a definite time for release, but it will be this year!
Top fan
Annamarie B.
How did the Dragon books come to be written? Inspiration?
Susan Smith
Annamarie Balog My love for dragons and my love for blow-glass collided. I was watching a YouTube video on how to do the small blow-glass figurines and started writing.
Tiny C.
Will you be writing anymore Dragonling books in the future?
Susan Smith
Tiny C. Definitely, including ones for the younger dragonlings. I've fallen in love with them! Morah is a hoot! Therapist to the Goddesses. LOL
Tiny C.
Susan Smith I feel the same way about her. Alice is my favorite, she going to give her dad early hair loss. Lol
Top fan
Christal C.
Do you feel your characters in your mind? the story plays out a movie and you just have to get it out on paper/computer/tablet whatever it you feel your going to lose them?
Susan Smith
Christal C. I feel I am the medium, that it is their story. I become a part of them, a ghostly apparition. I laugh, cry, get mad, and feel all their emotions. I become so immersed in the story that I am there and I write as if I am, so I can take you with me.
SE Smith
Christal C. If you need some pointers, let me know. I can work with you.
o Top fan
Christal C.
I get that but I can never get it out right
Christa Kay B.
What motivates your complex scenes? And do you ever get mostly done with a scene in your book and think , "no ,this would better suit that character not this one".
Susan Smith
Christa Kay B. No, they usually let me know if I'm on the wrong path. I've had them tell me I have the wrong name! I've also them remind me to live the scene and not to just tell it. I find the story so much more interesting if I live through what…
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•.Steve T.
Any movies on the horizon?
SE Smith
Steve T. We are still working on the Dragonlings' Haunted Halloween. It is a long process!
V Lynn .C.
Do you have a set routine or do you just write until the words run out?
Susan Smith
V Lynn .C. My brain is run by squirrels! Yes, I even imagine seeing them at a control panel laughing their butt's off at me! Every time I think I'm going to be productive, they throw a wayward thought at me and I go off chasing it a do…
Jana B.
I've always wondered what authors were when they where young. Did you have stories flying around your head? Thought a story you've read or watched, you could of written it better?
Susan Smith
Diana B. I always have made up stories in my head. Reading was very difficult for me to learn, so making up stories was my escape. I always rewrite stories, but most of the time (as long as the good guy doesn't die) I keep the stories the same. If the good guy dies, all bets are off!
.Debbie .H.
Can you predict the weather with your wrists...and if so, how accurate are your predictions?
Susan Smith
Debbie .H. I can since I broke them! I'm not as good as the woman we met on trail that had MS. She could literally tell you within minutes when it was going to rain. Since I broke my arms (both at the same time, I don't recommend that!), I can feel with it is either going to rain or turn cold.
•Top fan
Sam S.
Have you got a favourite book/author you read and reread. ??
Susan Smith
Sam S. I have several, including Peggy L. Henderson, Autumn Dawn, and Jessica L. Jackson.