Información sobre coronavirus y Covid-19 en las principales cadenas españolas de TV en el período previo al confinamiento
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Resumen: Se muestra la evolución de la presencia de la epidemia del coronavirus en las 24 horas del contenido de la televisión española en abierto en los meses previos al Decreto del estado de alarma, y mientras los países con mayor número de contagios eran China, Italia, Irán y Corea. Se observa la presencia de los términos relacionados con la enfermedad, identificando el tipo de información que se transmitió desde el comienzo de la pandemia. Se analizaron todas las emisiones de las cadenas La 1, Antena 3, Tele 5 y La sexta, en una muestra de días alternos (martes, jueves y sábados), con un total de 31 días de análisis que van del 1 de enero al 13 de marzo de 2020, cuando se inició el confinamiento en toda España. Se contrastó esta información con los resultados de búsquedas generales y de noticias que fueron hechas desde España en Google Trends, con el fin de comprobar si las evoluciones eran diferentes o iban en paralelo. Los datos demuestran que la conversación en las televisiones sobre el coronavirus cambió de forma evidente a partir de la semana del inicio del cierre en algunas zonas de Italia, lo que indica que no se previeron las consecuencias de la pandemia hasta que sus efectos fueron ya evidentes. Apenas hubo variaciones significativas en el enfoque de la información emitida por cada una de las cadenas analizadas.
Abstract: The evolution of content on the coronavirus epidemic in the 24 hours of free-to-air Spanish television is analyzed in the months before the declaration of a state of alarm, when China and Italy were the countries with the greatest number of infections. We observed the presence of terms related to the pandemic, identifying the kind of information transmitted since the coronavirus disease began, in all broadcasts from La 1, Antena 3, Tele 5, and La sexta channels. The data were taken on alternate days (Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays), with a total review of 31 days, ranging from 1 January to 13 March 2020, when confinement began throughout Spain. This information was compared with the results of general searches and news searches made by Spanish users, to check whether the data were different or ran in parallel with the television data. The conversation about the coronavirus on television clearly changed during the week when confinement was introduced in some areas of Italy. This indicates that the consequences of the pandemic were not anticipated until its effects were already visible. The results also indicate that there was hardly any significant variation in the focus of the programs broadcast by each of the channels.
Abstract: The evolution of content on the coronavirus epidemic in the 24 hours of free-to-air Spanish television is analyzed in the months before the declaration of a state of alarm, when China and Italy were the countries with the greatest number of infections. We observed the presence of terms related to the pandemic, identifying the kind of information transmitted since the coronavirus disease began, in all broadcasts from La 1, Antena 3, Tele 5, and La sexta channels. The data were taken on alternate days (Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays), with a total review of 31 days, ranging from 1 January to 13 March 2020, when confinement began throughout Spain. This information was compared with the results of general searches and news searches made by Spanish users, to check whether the data were different or ran in parallel with the television data. The conversation about the coronavirus on television clearly changed during the week when confinement was introduced in some areas of Italy. This indicates that the consequences of the pandemic were not anticipated until its effects were already visible. The results also indicate that there was hardly any significant variation in the focus of the programs broadcast by each of the channels.