LawByLak — Topic 49: Vitiating Factors (OCR H418, Paper 4)
Misrepresentation and economic duress. Examined four times, every time as a scenario.
Pao On v Lau Yiu Long is the only case OCR names in the contract specification itself — and it is on this topic. Every question set here has been a problem question, so AO2 is 12 of the 20 marks and application is the whole game.
What's inside
Three things, in one download:
- The interactive revision module — a single file you open in any browser. Tabs, search, flashcards, self-marking, progress tracking, dark mode. Works offline once downloaded.
- The cheat sheet — the whole topic on a few printable pages. For the night before.
- The revision guide — the full written guide as a PDF, for reading away from a screen or printing in one go.
Inside the module:
- 33 cases and 4 statutes, split across misrepresentation and economic duress, each badged by whether OCR has taught it, examined it, or both.
- 55 flashcards.
- Three real OCR questions with the examiner commentary for the sitting they came from, plus drafted Gold essays clearly labelled as drafted.
- The four kinds of misrepresentation, the remedies grid, rescission and its four bars, the consumer routes under CIDRA 2012 and the Consumer Rights Act, and lawful act duress after Times Travel [2021] UKSC 40.
- Six evaluation debates argued both ways, a dated Law Commission chronology, and a devil's-advocate grid.
Why it's different
The law here moves, and most resources have not kept up. This module covers the contracting-out and exclusion provisions that appear in no OCR material, the Supreme Court's split on the test for lawful act duress, and the limits on rescission that a textbook sentence will not tell you. Twelve errors in OCR's own source material are printed with their corrections.
Works on your phone. Dark mode. Prints cleanly.
More A-Level Law revision, and the rest of the contract block, at lawbylak.co.uk