Biology - Paper 2

Paper 2 notes for the GCSE Biology Triple AQA (Separate science) course, will also be helpful to anyone studying the other exam boards. This is £1.60 cheaper than buying all of these topics individually. Contents.. its a lot:

The Human nervous system

• Principles of homeostasis
• The structure and function of the nervous system
• Reflex actions
• The brain
• The eye
• Common problems of the eye

Hormonal Coordination

• Principles of hormonal control
• The control of blood glucose level
• Treating diabetes
• The role of negative feedback
• Human reproduction
• Hormones and the menstrual cycle
• The artificial control of fertility
• Infertility treatments
• Plant hormones and responses
• Using plant hormones

Homeostasis in action

• Controlling the body temperature
• Removing waste products
• The human kidney
• Dialysis - an artificial kidney
• Kidney transplants

DNA and Reproduction

• Types of reproduction - Asexual and sexual
• Mitosis vs Meiosis
• Pros and cons of different types of reproduction
• DNA and the genome
• DNA structure
• Protein synthesis
• Gene expression and Mutation
• Inheritance in action
• Genetics
• Inherited disorders
• Screening for genetic disorders
• Mendel

Variation and Evolution

• Variation
• Evolution
• Selective breeding
• Genetic engineering
• Cloning
• Adult cell cloning
• Tissue culture cloning
• Cuttings cloning

Evolution and Extinction

• Evolution
• Antibiotic-resistant bacteria
• Natural Selection
• Fossils and extinction
• Speciation
• Classification
• Evolutionary trees

Adaptations, Interdependence and Competiton

• Ecosystems
• Abiotic and Biotic factors
• Quadrats
• Transects
• Competition in animals
• Competition in plants
• Adaption for survival
• Adaption in animals
• Adaption in plants
• Extremophiles

Organising an ecosystem

• Feeding relationships
• The water cycle
• The carbon cycle
• The decay cycle
• Decomposers
• Decay

Biodiversity and ecosystems

• Biodiversity
• Land and water pollution
• Air pollution
• Deforestation and peat destruction
• Global warming
• Maintaining biodiversity
• Tropic levels and Biomass
• Efficient and sustainable food production

Practicals

• Microscopes
• Effect of different concentrations of salt solution on the mass of plant tissue
• Food tests
• pH on rate of reaction of amalyse
• Light intensity for photosynthesis
• Reaction time
• Plant responses
• Field investigations
• Effect on antiseptic on bacterial growth
• Temperature on rate of decay of milk

6 markers

• Menstrual cycle hormones
• Process of IVF
• Reflex actions
• Vaccinations
• Stages of testing
• Growing and investigating bacteria in the lab
• Monoclonal antibodies
• Meiosis
• How natural selection works
• Adult cell cloning
• Embryo transplant cloning

(Please note that these are ALL of the Biology 6 markers and practicals, I have not separated them into Paper 1 and Paper 2.)