Description

This Master Prompt provides a rigorous framework for determining the crystalline, crystallographic, molecular and bonding structures of materials using diffraction and spectroscopic characterization. It encompasses X-ray diffraction (XRD), powder and in-situ XRD, electron diffraction and related diffraction approaches for phase identification, crystal-system determination, lattice parameters, unit-cell dimensions, crystallinity, crystallite size, microstrain, preferred orientation, peak broadening, phase fractions and structural refinement, together with FTIR, ATR-FTIR, Raman and other appropriate spectroscopic methods for identifying molecular vibrations, functional groups, bonding environments, structural disorder and chemical or molecular transformations.