Harm Reduction vs. Abstinence-Based Models for Substance Use; Understanding Substance Use; Substance Use Recovery; Substance Use Disorders

This venn diagram gives a brief overview of harm reduction vs. abstinence-based models for substance use. While neither model is universally "right"—they serve different needs. Harm reduction saves lives now; abstinence-based models offer a path for those ready to pursue sobriety. Increasingly, programs blend both (e.g., MAT + counseling). The best approach is the one that meets the individual where they are, and this worksheet helps highlight differences and similarities between both.