This encyclopedia, not surprisingly, is dedicated to Darwin, but not to the Darwin you might expect. The author would like to dedicate this volume to Emma Wedgwood Darwin, wife of Charles Darwin, who remained Charles Darwin’s supportive and loving companion throughout his life of illness and hard work, even though she believed that he was wrong about evolution and about religion. Without Emma Darwin’s help, Charles Darwin would almost certainly have failed to complete his most famous works. Of course, some other scientist would eventually have discovered the evidence and mechanism of evolution. Indeed, Alfred Russel Wallace figured it out independently of Charles Darwin. Some other scientists who championed evolution, such as Ernst Haeckel and Herbert Spencer, proclaimed a violent and oppressive version of evolution, in contrast to the Darwinian version that allows for the evolution of altruism. It is possible that evolution would have been an ugly and oppressive theory if it had been presented to the world as Spencerism or Haeckelism. Instead, evolution is Darwinism, and we have Emma Darwin.