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What gives the Northern lights their glow? - Physics A level explained - tutorials and exam tips
What give the Northern Lights their glow?
The Northern Lights occur when charged particles from the solar wind collide with atoms and molecules in Earth’s upper atmosphere. These collisions excite the electrons in oxygen and nitrogen atoms, causing them to jump to higher energy levels. When...
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How much does a Physics graduate earn? - Physics A level explained - tutorials and exam tips
How much do Physics graduates get paid?
On average Physics graduates earn £500,000 more in their lifetime. Physics graduates work in a range of exciting and high paying careers: Aerospace, Data Science, Engineering, Climate Research, AI, and Finance. Surveys also show physicists report hi...
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Which telescope has discovered the most exoplanets? - Physics A level explained - tutorials and exam tips
Which telescope has discovered the most exoplanets?
An exoplanet is a planet that orbits a star outside our solar system. The Kepler Space Telescope was launched by NASA in 2009. It used the transit method, detecting tiny dips in a star’s brightness when a planet passed in front of it. This method al...
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What is the value of g on the ISS? - Physics A level explained - tutorials and exam tips
What is the value of gravitational field strength on the international space station (ISS)?
The value of gravitational field strength near to Earth is not zero! If the ISS orbits at 400km above the Earth, g = 8.7 Nkg-1. The ISS and the astronauts inside are in constant freefall. They fall towards the Earth but the surface of the Earth ...
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How do solar panels generate electricity? - Physics A level explained - tutorials and exam tips
Which principle allows solar panels to create electricity (as used in space probes such as JWST)...?
The photoelectric effect in solar panels works by using sunlight to release electrons from a material, usually silicon. The energy from light photons knocks electrons loose from the atoms in the silicon. These electrons flow through the material, cr...
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Detecting elements in Stars - Physics A level explained - tutorials and exam tips
Which technique is used to identify elements present in stars (including The Sun)?
Each element produces specific spectral lines, based on its electron transitions between energy levels. By matching these lines to known spectra, scientists can determine a star’s composition even from millions of light-years away! #physics #exams ...
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How to calculate when the Big Bang happened - Physics A level explained - tutorials and exam tips
Which formula is used to calculate the age of the Universe i.e. when the Big Bang happened?
The speed at which galaxies are moving away from Earth is proportional to their distance from Earth. The gradient of this relationship is known as the Hubble constant (H0) i.e. the rate at which the Universe is expanding. The age of the Universe can...
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What is the wavelength of a human? - Physics A level explained - tutorials and exam tips
The wavelength of a human (de Broglie)
Assuming the man has a mass of 66kg and is running at 10ms^-1 De Broglie wavelength: λ = h / mv = (6.63 x 10^-34) / (10 x 66) = 1 x 10^-36 m The gap needs to be the same size as the wavelength for diffraction to happen…In order to diffra...
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